Tom Kelly: Double-check mortgage interest by April 17

One of the biggest financial advantages of owning a home is the mortgage interest deduction but the amount many taxpayers submit is often greater than the allowed limit.

Mortgage interest needs to be double-checked before the April 17 deadline. Why April 17 this year instead of April 15? According to the Internal Revenue Service, taxpayers will have until Tuesday, April 17, to file their 2011 tax returns and pay any tax due because April 15 falls on a Sunday.

In addition, Emancipation Day, a holiday observed in the District of Columbia, falls this year on Monday, April 16. According to federal law, District of Columbia holidays impact tax deadlines in the same way that federal holidays do; therefore, all taxpayers will have two extra days to file this year.

Taxpayers requesting an extension will have until October 15 to file their 2012 tax returns. Remember that an extension of time to file is not an extension of time to pay. You will owe interest on any past-due tax and you may be subject to a late-payment penalty if timely payment is not made.

In a recent column, we discussed the benchmark for the mortgage interest deduction is set at acquisition debt – the amount of debt in place when the home is acquired. For example, if you buy a $200,000 home with a $50,000 down payment, your acquisition debt is $150,000.

Many consumers stay in their homes for years, accumulate appreciation and then refinance to put a child through school, mom into a nursing home or attend a much anticipated family reunion. The new debt on the refinance will qualify as home acquisition debt only up to the amount of the balance of the old mortgage principal just before the refinancing.

For example, let’s assume your home is now worth $300,000 and you need to take cash out for a college tuition. The balance of your loan before you refinance is $135,000 and you take $100,000 “cash back” for a new loan balance of $235,000. However, the maximum allowable mortgage interest deduction remains $135,000 (acquisition debt) minus the amount of principal you have paid – not the bigger number from the refinance.

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